Omayyad$530642$ - ترجمة إلى إنجليزي
Diclib.com
قاموس ChatGPT
أدخل كلمة أو عبارة بأي لغة 👆
اللغة:

ترجمة وتحليل الكلمات عن طريق الذكاء الاصطناعي ChatGPT

في هذه الصفحة يمكنك الحصول على تحليل مفصل لكلمة أو عبارة باستخدام أفضل تقنيات الذكاء الاصطناعي المتوفرة اليوم:

  • كيف يتم استخدام الكلمة في اللغة
  • تردد الكلمة
  • ما إذا كانت الكلمة تستخدم في كثير من الأحيان في اللغة المنطوقة أو المكتوبة
  • خيارات الترجمة إلى الروسية أو الإسبانية، على التوالي
  • أمثلة على استخدام الكلمة (عدة عبارات مع الترجمة)
  • أصل الكلمة

Omayyad$530642$ - ترجمة إلى إنجليزي

SECOND ISLAMIC CALIPHATE (661–750 CE)
Ummayad; Omayyad Empire; Omayyad; Umayyad Empire; Umayyed; Umayad; Umayyid; Emevi; Ummayyad; Umayyad Leader; Ummawiyy; Ommiad; Umayyad Caliph; Ummayad caliphate; Ummayad Caliphate; Caliphate of Damascus; Omaiad; Umayyade; Umayyad; Caliph of Damascus; Umayyad caliphate; Umawi; Umayyad accession; Omayyad caliphate; Umayyad caliph; Sufyanids; Umayyad period; Sufyanid; Al-Ḫilāfat al-ʾumawiyya; Al-Khilāfat al-ʾumawiyya; Second Islamic Caliphate; Damascus Caliphate; Second caliphate; Umayyad Chaliphate; The Ummayad Caliphate; The Umayyad Caliphate; Umayyad Syria; Al-Khilāfah al-ʾUmawīyah; ٱلْخِلَافَة ٱلْأُمَوِيَّة; User:Edimafa/sandbox; The Umayyads of Syria
  • siege of Constantinople]]
  • Map of the caliphate's expansion
  • The Umayyad Caliphate in 750 CE
  • [[Byzantine Empire]]}}
  • Umayyad Mosque of Damascus
  • Abd al-Malik introduced an independent Islamic currency, the [[gold dinar]], in 693, which originally depicted a human figure, likely the caliph, as shown in this coin minted in 695. In 697, the figural depictions were replaced solely by Qur'anic and other Islamic inscriptions
  • Roman]] bathhouses near [[Tiberias]] in 663, the only known epigraphic attestation to Mu'awiya's rule in Syria
  • Ivory (circa 8th century) discovered in the Abbasid homestead in Humeima, [[Jordan]]. The style indicates an origin in northeastern [[Iran]], the base of Hashimiyya military power.<ref>R.M. Foote ''et al.'', Report on Humeima excavations, in V. Egan and P.M. Bikai, "Archaeology in Jordan", ''American Journal of Archaeology'' 103 (1999), p. 514.</ref>
  • 20px
  • The city of [[Resafa]], site of Hisham's palace and court
  • 686}}. The area shaded in red represents the approximate territory of the Umayyads, while the areas shaded in blue, green and yellow respectively represent the territories of the [[Mecca]]-based caliph [[Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr]], the pro-Alid ruler of [[Kufa]] [[Mukhtar al-Thaqafi]], and the [[Kharijites]]
  • Genealogical tree of the Sufyanids. The names in red indicate caliphs.
  • Umayyad family]]
  • interactive version of chart]]
  • Sasanian]]-style Umayyad coin minted in [[Basra]] in 675/76 in the name of the Umayyad governor [[Ubayd Allah ibn Ziyad]]. The latter's governorship later spanned all of the eastern caliphate. His father [[Ziyad ibn Abihi]] was adopted as a half-brother by Mu'awiya I, who made him his practical viceroy over the eastern caliphate.
  • لهند]]}}'' l'Hind) in the year seven and ninety"''.

Omayyad      
n. lid van de Omayyad dynastie die in Damascus heerste

ويكيبيديا

Umayyad Caliphate

The Umayyad Caliphate (661–750 CE) was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. The caliphate was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty, also known as the Umayyads (Arabic: ٱلْأُمَوِيُّون, al-ʾUmawīyūn, or بَنُو أُمَيَّة, Banū ʾUmayya, "Sons of Umayya"). Uthman ibn Affan (r. 644–656), the third of the Rashidun caliphs, was also a member of the clan. The family established dynastic, hereditary rule with Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan, long-time governor of Greater Syria, who became caliph after the end of the First Fitna in 661. After Mu'awiya's death in 680, conflicts over the succession resulted in the Second Fitna, and power eventually fell to Marwan I, from another branch of the clan. Syria remained the Umayyads' main power base thereafter, with Damascus as their capital.

The Umayyads continued the Muslim conquests, conquering Ifriqiya, Transoxiana, Sind, the Maghreb and Hispania (al-Andalus). At its greatest extent, the Umayyad Caliphate covered 11,100,000 km2 (4,300,000 sq mi), making it one of the largest empires in history in terms of area. The dynasty was toppled by the Abbasids in 750. Survivors of the dynasty established themselves in Cordoba which, in the form of an emirate and then a caliphate, became a world centre of science, medicine, philosophy and invention during the Islamic Golden Age.

The Umayyad Caliphate ruled over a vast multiethnic and multicultural population. Christians, who still constituted a majority of the caliphate's population, and Jews were allowed to practice their own religion but had to pay the jizya (poll tax) from which Muslims were exempt. Muslims were required to pay the zakat tax, which was earmarked explicitly for various welfare programmes for the benefit of Muslims or Muslim converts. Under the early Umayyad caliphs, prominent positions were held by Christians, some of whom belonged to families that had served the Byzantines. The employment of Christians was part of a broader policy of religious accommodation that was necessitated by the presence of large Christian populations in the conquered provinces, as in Syria. This policy also boosted Mu'awiya's popularity and solidified Syria as his power base. The Umayyad era is often considered the formative period in Islamic art.